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Judge says making files available for download is distribution

11 December 2006 9:00 by James "Dela" Delahunty | 43 comments

Judge says making files available for download is distribution The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) has filed thousands of lawsuits against file sharers in the United States claiming that the individuals infringed copyright by sharing music on P2P networks. The trade group has long stated that uploaders on P2P networks are acting as "distributors" but it wasn't until October that this claim was confirmed by a federal judge.

Judge Ann Aiken found that users of P2P software who make illegal files available for download (add to shared folders) are doing the equivalent of distributing the files which justifies a basis for a copyright infringement claim. This revelation came in the case, Elektra v. Perez. This case started like most others with information from MediaSentry resulting in a lawsuit against Dave Perez for illegally sharing music.

Perez denied the accusation of sharing files illegally and said even if he was responsible for the "perez@kazaa" account, simply having the files in a shared directory does not justify a claim of infringement. In this case, and some others, the defendant claimed that distribution does not occur until somebody actually downloads a shared file and that the RIAA should have to prove that distribution ever took place.

Judge Aiken ruled that the plaintiff needs to both demonstrate ownership of of the material and show that the defendant "violated at least one exclusive right granted to copyright holders under 17 U.S.C. § 106", continuing to say that making songs available for download fulfills the second requirement.

Source:
Ars technica


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    Discuss this article!  There are more user comments available, read them here
    jussster (Newbie) 16 December 2006 10:04 Send private message to this user   
    D40 thats exactly what I was thinking. slmh1296 "in simple terms you make a good point but not thought out sorry."
    CTerrian (Newbie) 16 December 2006 10:46 Send private message to this user   
    D40, if I loan a CD to a friend, that legal. It's when I take that CD and allow it to be distributed, that is illegal. Also known as publishing.
    D40 (Newbie) 16 December 2006 11:00 Send private message to this user   
    So, OK lets say I'm a real popular guy. I have a thousand friends. So if I take turns loaning it to each of those people (Assuming of course they would never do something so dishonest as make a copy for themselves..), I guess that's OK? But if I upload it to a P2P and share it with all of them at once now I'm a criminal, right?
    Come on guys I think the dividing line is profit or gain. I believe it should only be a crime to share a copyrighted item if you are selling it or making some kind of a profit from it.
    jussster (Newbie) 16 December 2006 11:01 Send private message to this user   
    Wouldnt that be the same as sharing the file? That person you "shared" the CD with could decide to rip it and distribute it. Does that make you a criminal for sharing the CD with a friend. Dont get me wrong no matter how its looked at it is stealing. To steal on thing ore thousands is still stealing. How about the recipe argument if somebody copies the recipe and distributes it is it copyright infringment. This is where all the argument comes from at what point does it go from sharing to stealing.
    jussster (Newbie) 16 December 2006 11:05 Send private message to this user   
    The music industry is saying you may not be benifiting from it but they are loosing money and thereby hurt because of it. I think if they dont want it shared then make it so it cant be shared. Good luck with that though. :)
    D40 (Newbie) 16 December 2006 11:05 Send private message to this user   
    Ah, now you've hit the nail on the head. The law is ambiguous and therefore should be decided in favor of the defendants untill such time as the law can be clarified so that we all know clearly where the line is.
    jussster (Newbie) 16 December 2006 11:20 Send private message to this user   
    I agree.
    StageRt (Inactive) 16 December 2006 11:40 Send private message to this user   
    If I'm not mistaken, we ( the law ) already went through this process with video cassettes and cassette tapes. At that time it was ruled that copyright infringement wasn't taking place.
    People are taping radio, tv programs,and movies on tv everyday. Many make copies for their friends.
    The relevant legal point seems to be the volume of reproductions 'hand made' versus the wide spread downloading with P2P.
    I have taped Formula 1 races for my brother and sent them to him on DVD. The media is in the public domain since it's being broadcast over the 'public' airwaves.
    It used to be that the intent of the recorder was a critical element. If it was the public redissemination of a copyrighted event, that was illegal. If it was for personal use, that was okay. The judge is moving the line here.
    ularu (Junior Member) 16 December 2006 12:44 Send private message to this user   
    i share file's but i DO NOT have a shared folder..BT you rule
    slmh1296 (Member) 16 December 2006 12:57 Send private message to this user   
    D40 I agree with what you said about loaning or sharing copyrighted material is illegal. No matter amount of times I said it is a little different. I never said one was right or wrong. If your friend borrows a item and does not copy it and gives it back it does not matter how many times you let people borrow it that is not illegal. Soon as they copy it they have broke the law. But how do you bust people for that. Plus that is a small amount of what is going on compared to the internet and the millions and millions of people that download illegally ever day this same CD. but here is the difference the RIAA and other companies can track this and can bust people now because it is right out there in the open. If you copy it in your own home nobody is going to be peeking in your window waiting for you to click burn. Now if you are at your favorite music store walk in and shoplift chances are you have been seen you are out in the open just like on the net. So of course they are going to nail you more when you are out in the open.
    Let me ask you how much friend loaned illegal copies do you have compared to downloaded illegally items off the net. I bet most people have more illegal downloads. I believe music company's are losing money
    ant4short (Newbie) 16 December 2006 15:44 Send private message to this user   
    I AGREE WITH D-40. IT'S A GRAY AREA THAT HAS NOT BEEN RESOLVED. MANY THINGS ARE SHARED ON THE INTERNET.
    YOU DON'T SEE PEOPLE BEING PROSECUTED FOR THAT. IT'S JUST THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY WITH THEIR POWERFUL LAWYERS THAT THINK THAT THEY CAN DO WHAT THEY WANT. UNTIL A DECISIVE LAW COMES INTO EFFECT, NOTHING CAN BE DONE AT THIS POINT IN TIME(AS LONG AS SHARING IS NOT DONE FOR MONETARY GAINS).
    slmh1296 (Member) 16 December 2006 19:02 Send private message to this user   
    ant4short when you type in all caps in a forum it is said you are yelling please turn the caps off.
    slmh1296 (Member) 16 December 2006 19:07 Send private message to this user   
    d40 you said "Come on guys I think the dividing line is profit or gain. I believe it should only be a crime to share a copyrighted item if you are selling it or making some kind of a profit from it."
    Are you not profiting from it because you are not paying for what you download or share seems to me you would gain and the people who made it lose.
    chrialex (Newbie) 17 December 2006 0:45 Send private message to this user   
    what i dont understand is this, the RIAA has just said that producers, artists, etc. are MAKING money now, so what do they turn their sights on, the ones they are supposed to look out for! They want the government to lower the royalties for the songwriters. Sounds like the RIAA is more of a hypocrit if they have to take more money from the people they are making lawsuits for. Its like a lawyer saying that his client is being robbed, but since he is still making money, he wants his fee raised.
    siseneg (Newbie) 17 December 2006 3:34 Send private message to this user   
    I believe most marketed music coming out of the big record companies we can do without. That's just my opinion and doesn't imminently change anything.
    I do think that computer technology is constantly going to win out over the greedy corporations and their never-ending attempts to shape the constitution to suit their needs. This is where we need to focus our attention and efforts in my opinion. Allowing for Democracy to turn into Capitalism wasn’t the answer; that’s why we have screwed up laws giving them power in the first place, because they are the ones making such laws, and still are.
    Fortunately, if we are unwilling to put our voices together through the political system, inevitably we’ll play the game in their courts through the use of technology instead. Our ever growing network of open source programmers and the ‘exponential growth of accelerating return’ (as defined by Ray Kuzweil), that technology will get more powerful, smaller and cheaper exponentially, will allow us to come up with new ways to avoid the corruption of the corporate guys in their fat ass suits and wallets.
    Sincerely,
    jameslf (Inactive) 17 December 2006 3:39 Send private message to this user   
    The basic truth is that Judge Ann Aiken is being paid by the RIAA and their cohorts or she's an idiot. Or both. If anyone knows her email, please forward this message to her.

    The RIAA and their ilk are nothing more then thieves,crooks and exploiters.

    Anyone who agrees or supports the RIAA in any way is also in their employ or benefitting from them in some way or is an idiot. Or all three.

    Need even more evidence of their perfidy?

    "RIAA seeks lower royalties for music publishers and songwriters"

    FUCK the RIAA!!
    clearvids (Newbie) 17 December 2006 3:46 Send private message to this user   
    If Mr. Perez has to show "proof" of ownership of material, then the RIAA damn sure needs to provide "proof" of Perez's "sharing" of material.
    ssrebel (Inactive) 17 December 2006 5:38 Send private message to this user   
    Not that this matters to the RIAA but they may not be losing as much money as they think because alot of people are like me. If I really like an artist, I buy the cd or dvd. There is nothing on my computer I would have bought anyway and if I lost it all, wouldn't even go to the trouble of replacing them.
    benrau (Newbie) 17 December 2006 20:49 Send private message to this user   
    Is it any wonder that the RIAA has lost money for the past five years? Draw the line in the sand, and they don't expect anyone to cross? Did they miss the Davey Crockett story when they were little children? Or are they still little children?
    arrawak (Inactive) 18 December 2006 4:12 Send private message to this user   
    should've stored his stuff on DVD-Rs if anything. I don't get why some people just get caught doing this when the RIAA is really behind when it comes to digital music.
    arrawak (Inactive) 18 December 2006 4:22 Send private message to this user   
    wow, after hearing the last few postings, I have to say that the RIAA is really turning into an ugly, greedy monster. Jeez, they want to lower the Artist's Royalties, are they out of their minds. what the hell does that mean now. does this mean that the artists now have to work within the actual street team in order to make up for what they've lost in this Royalty-reduction business. it's no wonder alot of artists are going the Indie, no need for the middle man and they get more out of every album. it's a damn shame how the muthafuckas want to fuck the artists even more for whatever their reasoning, which might just be as shady as their .05 deals that they make when signing an artist
    tiggerme (Junior Member) 19 December 2006 5:32 Send private message to this user   
    I agree it's all about the PROFIT. If they would make music downloads for $.50 or less instead of a $1.00 more people would be apt to do so. but our entertainers Singers/Actors have become so into themselves they forgot that we are the ones who elevated them to where they now are. People should quit movies and concerts to the ones who are trying to send us to prison/fines. They only understand their savings acct.
    wired_ (Junior Member) 20 December 2006 1:26 Send private message to this user   
    Originally posted by NINVIN21:
    Judge says making files available for download is distribution

    Yeah so what

    Selling drugs is also distribution why don't they go worry about that
    True that!!

    Alkohol's Guide: DVD FAB + Vob Blanker + DVD Shrink + Img Burn
    http://forums.afterdawn.com/thread_view.cfm/334154
    Alkohol's Guide: RipIt4Me (DVD Decryptor + Fix VTS) + DVD Shrink + Img Burn
    http://forums.afterdawn.com/thread_view.cfm/422740
    Make sure that all of your software is always up to date!

    arrawak (Inactive) 20 December 2006 2:40 Send private message to this user   
    I think that if the RIAA has to go after the Customers and the Artists for money, then fuck them, I'm downloading I can until my heart is fucking content. I don't even care anymore. it's not like the artists make money off of these albums(that's why some don't give a damn, they're saying fuck you to their record companies by saying this)
    D40 (Newbie) 20 December 2006 15:27 Send private message to this user   
    I had a friend asl me if he thought P2P was going to be stopped and here is my reply:
    Well, what I see is a far more decentralized P2P. Some of those are already being used, like BearShare. With this system there is no centralized server, or tracker, just thousands of people somehow connecting directly to each other and sharing their files. I don't believe they can stop it any more that they could back in the sixties when the tape recorder became widely available. Just think of it, anyone can record music off the radio, or video off the TV, or buy one copy and make as many as they want. The internet makes it a bit easier but people who want too bad enough will use whatever means is available. Ultimately the only thing that can't be stolen is the live performance. It's the one thing you can't duplicate with a machine. Another thing is to look at the shear volume in the market. Sharing is not that big a deal when you consider the base that you are dealing with. The amount of sharing that goes on is a drop in the bucket compared to what gets sold through regular channels. Anyone who has done it can attest to how difficult it is to copy a video or burn music CD's. The vast majority of people don't have the skill or inclination to do it. I bet if you check up on it the money spent on lawyers, etc., to try to stop P2P, far exceeds any real losses the industry might have suffered.
    D40
    jduvall (Newbie) 1 January 2007 15:04 Send private message to this user   
    I agree with D40, I don't see any raids on manufacturers like SONY for selling free standing DVD duplicators with 5 & 10 burners, what reason could anyone have for buying a machine with 10 DL-DVD burners, copying DVD's?
    D40 is point on...anyone with the patience, hours of time & skills to covert 4to6+gig video files from DVD or Satellite/Cable to DivX or mpeg4's for their Archos, ZUNE, ZEN, PSP & iPod should be left in peace, they have earned their right to copy by spending big bucks on all that ancillary software & gear, and made the the industry richer.
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