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Glossary

Macrovision

Macrovision is American company that develops various copy-protection schemes for audio and video purposes.

The company is best known for their copy-protection mechanism for VHS tapes bundled with virtually every sold pre-recorded VHS tape in the world. Also, every DVD player sold in the U.S. has Macrovision copy-protection mechanism built-in which prevents DVDs to be recorded to VHS cassettes without hacking either the DVD player or the VCR.

More recently it has ventured into DVD protection and Blu-ray protection schemes.

Ripguard

RipGuard is a copy protection mechanism developed by Macrovision. Since Content Scrambling System (CSS) on retail DVDs is so easy to circumvent using free widespread software, several methods to discourage making proper copies of DVD-Video content have been devised and put out on the market.

RipGuard's sole reason for existence is to disrupt software made for DVD ripping purposes. When RipGuard was first announced by Macrovision, the company tried to market it using a claim that it could defeat 97% of all DVD ripping software available. At the same time, Macrovision was also using its legal arm to target ripping software that could easily circumvent its technologies.

As an example, Macrovision went after the author of the popular DVD Decrypter utility and subsequently acquired the rights to the software. The company then sent warning letters to sites hosting the DVD Decrypter tool demanding it be removed while threatening further legal action if it remained on offer.

Despite Macrovision's claims about RipGuard, and any efforts to stomp out ripping utilities online, RipGuard can reportedly be beaten easily using either commercial software like Slysoft's AnyDVD, or freeware like DVDFab Decrypter. RipGuard is also controversial in that there are confirmed cases of its inclusion on DVD media resulting in content playback problems.

BD+

BD+ is the name given to an experimental Digital Rights Management (DRM) mechanism that will be included on BD-ROM discs. The Blu-ray Disc Association was forced into providing this extra layer of protection following pressure from Fox. The HD DVD group did not agree to provide Fox with such a DRM over AACS. The fears about BD+ surround the possibility of studios like Fox theoretically being given the power to restrict Mandatory Managed Copy (a system that allows users to make digital copies of movies and send them around a home network).

BD+ allows for dynamic encryption schemes, meaning that if the protection were to be cracked, manufacturers could simply change the encryption scheme on new discs, so on single crack could not open up all BD-ROM discs. This is, of course a major advantage over the Content Scrambling System (CSS) protection used on DVD discs which was cracked years ago. All old and new DVDs containing CSS can be ripped from the disc to a HDD, or software is available to simply remove CSS on-the-fly.

In November, BD+ was sold to Macrovision.

Related News:

Study shows a third of US and UK residents copying DVDs (9 July 2008)- According to a new study funded by Macrovision a third of all US and UK residents have copied at least one DVD in the last 6 months. In the UK the number is around 32%, compared to around 36% in the US.

New AnyDVD HD release from SlySoft targets BD+ (19 March 2008)- Now with the release of v6.4.0.0, a SlySoft press release declares that BD+ is not going to stop it, or consumers, from copying their own discs.

Macrovision acquires BD+ (11/19/2007)- Cryptography Research, Inc. agrees in principle to sell the BD+ copy protection to Macrovision for $45 million USD in cash and stock.

For more information, see the glossary definitions for:

Automatic Gain Control BD+ Blu-ray DMCA DVD RipGuard Video Capture

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0-9 1080i 1080p 12:1 Pulldown 1440p 16:9 2-pass 2160p 24:1 Pulldown 24p 2:2 Pulldown 2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:2:3 Pulldown 2:2:3:2:3 Pulldown 2:3 Pulldown 3/2 Surround 3:2 pulldown 3:3 Pulldown 3GP 3GPP 3GPP2 3ivX 3X DVD 480i 480p 4:3 4C Entity 4K2K 5.1 Audio 5.1 Surround 525/60 576i 576p 6.1 Audio 6.1 Surround 625/50 7-Zip 7.1 Audio 7.1 Surround 720i 720p 802.11 802.11a 802.11g 802.11n 8K 8mm Videotape A AAC AAC LC AAC+ aacPlus v1 AacPlus v2 AACS AACS Final Adopter Agreement AACS LA ABR AC-3 VS AC3 Academy Ratio Accessgate Acronis Active Area ActiveMovie Advanced Encryption Standard Advanced Simple Profile Advanced Technology Attachment Advanced Television Systems Committee Advanced Video Coding AES AFACT AFC AFM AFT AGC AGP AGP 1x AGP 2x AGP 4x AGP 8x AIFF AIFF-C ALAC ALE Aliasing Alpha AlphaCrypt AMR AMR-NB AMR-WB AMV Anamorphic Angles Animation Codec AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) Aperture Apple Disk Image Apple Lossless AR ARccOS ARIA ARIB Artifact ASF Asian Silvers Aspect ratio ASPI ASV ASVOBS ASX ATA ATAPI ATI CrossFire ATIS ATRAC ATRAC Advanced Lossless ATRAC1 ATRAC3 ATRAC3plus ATSC Audio Frequency Modulation AUDIO_TS Authoring Automatic Fine Tuning Automatic Frequency Control Automatic Gain Control Automatic Iris Autoplay AVC AVCHD AVI AVS B B Frames B-CAS Back Surround Back Surround Channel Bandwidth BayTSP BCA BD BD+ BD-25 BD-50 BD-J BD-Live BD-R BD-RE BD-ROM BDA BDAV BDMV BDRip Betacam BetaCrypt 1 BetaCrypt 2 BetaMax Betamax Case BFF Bidirectional Prediction Big Champagne BIN/CUE Images Bink Birefringence BISS Bitrate bitsetting Bitstream BitTorrent Blindread BlindWrite Bloatware Block Blocking Blu-ray Blu-ray Disc Blu-ray Disc Association Bonus View Book A Book B Book C Book D Book E BookType Bootlegs Bots Bottom Field First BPI bps BREIN Broadcast Flag BRrip BSA BT5 BT6 BUP Burst Cutting Area BWA BWS BWT C C2D CA CABAC Cable Television CableCARD CableLabs Cam Camcorder Canadian Motion Picture Distributors Association Caption Capture CAS CATV CAV CAV/CLV CAVLC CBHD CBR CCD CCE CCI CCIR 601 CD CD+G CD-DA CD-i CD-MRW CD-Plus CD-R CD-ROM CD-ROM XA CD-RW CDA CDI cdma CDMA2000 CDR CDV cDVD CE-ATA CeBIT CEC CECB CEDIA Expo Cell Center Center Channel CES CGA CGMS CH-DVD Channel Chanserv Chaoji VCD Chapters CHDA China Blue High-Definition Disc China High Definition DVD China High Definition DVD Industry Association China Video Disc ChinaCrypt Chipset Chroma Chroma Subsampling Chromaticity Chrominance CIF CISO CLI CloneCD Control File Closed Captions Closed GOP CLV CMF CMI CMPDA Coaster Codec CodecSys Codicrypt Color Graphics Adapter Color Space Colorimetry Colorspace Combo Drive Command Line Interface Common Interface CompactFlash Component Video Composite Video Compression Conax CAS 5 Conax CAS 7 Conditional Access Conditional Access Module Conditional Access System Constant Bitrate Constant Quality Container Content Protection Technical Working Group Control Area Copy Guard Management System CoreCrypt CorePNG CPPM CPRM CPSA CPTWG CRB CRIA Cropping CrossFire CrossFireX CRT Crypton Cryptoworks CSO CSS CTI-CAS Cue cue file Cue Sheet CVD D D-VHS D1 DAA DAE Daemon DAO DAR Darknet Dashboard DAT DAX DCC DCC Get DCC Send DCF DCT DCT Block DDC Decode Deep Color Deinterlace Delta Frame Demultiplexing Demux DigiCipher 2 Digital Artifacts Digital Rights Management Digital Video Recorder Digital8 DiMA DIMM DIRAC Direct Access Archive Direct Stream Digital direct-to-video DirectShow DiscJuggler Discrete Cosine Transform Discrete Surround Disk Copy Fast Display Aspect Ratio Display Resolution DisplayPort Distribution Media Format Distrubuted hash tables DivX DIVX (original) DivX ;-) DivX Certified DivX Media Format divx re-enc DivX Ultra DivXHD DMCA DMF DMG Dolby Dolby Digital Dolby Digital Plus Dolby Pro Logic Dolby Pro Logic II Dolby Surround Dolby TrueHD Downmix DPCP DRC DreamCrypt DriveImage DRM DROP FRAME DSD DSDL DSML DSSL DTCP DTS DTS-HD DTV Dual-Voltage MultiMediaCard DUPE Durabis DV DV-MMC DVB DVB-C DVB-H DVB-S DVB-T DVCAM DVCD DVCPro DVD DVD CCA DVD Copy Control Association DVD Forum DVD Screener DVD+R DVD+R DL DVD+RW DVD+RW Alliance DVD+RW DL DVD+VR DVD-10 DVD-14 DVD-18 DVD-5 DVD-9 DVD-A DVD-Audio DVD-Audio Zone DVD-MP3 DVD-R DVD-R DL DVD-R9 DVD-RAM DVD-Rip DVD-ROM DVD-RW DVD-RW DL DVD-SVCD DVD-VCD DVD-Video DVD-Video Zone DVD-VR DVD/TV Combo DVDR DVDScr DVI DVI-A DVI-D DVI-I DVR DVR-MS Dynamic Range Compression Dynamic WEP E E for All e-MMC E3 Expo eAAC+ EAC EasyCas ed2k EDGE EDID EDTV EFF EGA EIA Electronic Frontier Foundation Electronic Industries Alliance Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool Elementary Streams Encode Enhanced CD	Enhanced Graphics Adapter Entertainment Software Association EPEAT ESA eSATA EuroCrypt EuroDec EVD EVGA Evolution-X eXtended Detail Enhancement eXtended Graphics Array Plus Extended Video Graphics Array External SATA Extreme Definition Video extreme Digital ExtremeFSS Extro Eye-Fi EZ-D F F-Stop FairPlay FastTrack Field Field Dominance Field Order Fieldrate Filter Final Standard Profile FireCrypt FireWire Firmware Firstplay Fixed Pixel Display FLAC Flipper FLV FourCC fps Frame Framerate frames per second Frameserve Free Lossless Audio Codec Frequency Fserves FTP Full Frame Full HD Fullscreen FVD G G.722.2 Gamma Correction GB Gbyte General Hardware-Oriented System Transfer GHO Ghost GHS Gigabyte gigibyte Global Motion Compensation GMC GOP GPRS Grace Period Profile Griffin Group Of Pictures Gruvi GSM GSM 800 gsm 850 GSM 900 GUI H H.264 Half D1 Half-QVGA Half-size VGA Hardcoded Subtitles HCC HD HD DVD HD DVD Promotion Group HD DVD-R HD DVD-RAM HD Ready HD VMD HDCD HDCP HDi HDMI HDTV HDV HE-AAC HE-AAC v2 Hercules Color Card Hercules Graphics Card Hertz Hexadecatuple Extended Graphics Array Hexadecatuple Super Extended Graphics Array Hexadecatuple Ultra Extended Graphics Array HGC Hi-MD Hi8 High Definition High Resolution Audio High-Definition Multimedia Interface High-Speed Downlink Packet Access Home Theater Personal Computer Homebrew HQ-VCD HQVGA HSDPA HSXGA HTPC Huffyuv HUXGA HVGA HXGA Hz I I Frame I-MPEG IBC IBM 8514 IBM CGA IBM MDA IBP IBQ ID3 IDCT IDE IDR Frame IDTV IEEE IEEE 802.11i-2004 IEEE.1394 IFA IFO IFPI iHD ILVU IMA IMG file IMZ In-Loop Deblocking Initial Standard Profile Instant CD/DVD Disc Image Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Interlace Interleaved Video Units Interleaving INTERNAL International Telecommunication Union Interpolation Inverse Telecine IRC Irdeto Irdeto 1 Irdeto 2 IRMA ISO ISO 13818 ISO 21000 ISO 9660 ISO Zipped IsoBuster ISZ ITU ITU-R BT.601 IVTC J JEDEC Jitter Joint Video Team Joliet JSO JVT K Kad Kademlia Kell Factor Key Frame KeyFly KVCD Kxploit L LabelFlash Lagarith LAME LaserDisc Layer Break LCD TVs Lead-in Lead-out Leech Leecher Left Left Channel Left Surround Left Surround Channel Legos Letterbox LFE libavcodec Lightscribe Limited Line Pair Linear PCM Linear pulse code modulation Lines of Horizontal Resolution Lines of Resolution Lines per Picture Height Linux Liquid-crystal display televisions LiquidHD Logistep Lossless Compression Lossy Compression Low Frequency Effects Channel LPCM Luma Luminance Luminosity M M-JPEG M1V M2V M3U M4A M4IF M4V Macrium Reflect Macroblock Macroblock-Adaptive Frame/Field Coding Macrovision made-for-video MainProfile@H-14 MainProfile@HighLevel MainProfile@MainLevel Mandatory audio Mandatory Managed Copy manufacturer ID Manufacturing On Demand Matrix Surround Matroska MBAFF MCGA MD Data MD5 MDA MDA Card MDF file MDLP MDPA MDS file MediaGuard 1 Mediaguard 2 Mediaguard 3 MediaMax Megapixel Memory Controller Gate Array MFTP miCard MicroSD microSDHC MID MIDI MIDI Committee of the Association of Musical Electronic Industry MIDI Manufacturers Association MiniDisc miniDV miniDVD miniSD miniSDHC MIPI MKV MMA MMC MMCA MMCmicro MMCmobile MMCplus Modchip Monkey's Audio Monochrome Display Adapter Mosquitoes Motion Estimation Motion JPEG Motion Picture Association Motion Picture Association of America Mount Rainier MOV Moving Picture Experts Group Moving Pictures Expert Group MP MP+ MP2 MP3 MP3 plus Graphics MP3+G MP4 MP@H-14 MP@HL MP@ML MPA MPAA MPEG MPEG Advanced Audio Coding MPEG-1 MPEG-1 Audio Layer III MPEG-1 Layer II MPEG-2 MPEG-2 AAC MPEG-2 Layer II MPEG-2 NBC MPEG-2 Packetized Elementary Stream MPEG-2 Program Stream MPEG-2 PS MPEG-2 Transport Stream MPEG-2 TS MPEG-21 MPEG-4 MPEG-4 ASP MPEG-4 Industry Forum MPEG-4 Part 10 MPEG-4 Part 2 MPEG-4 SP MPEG-7 MPV MRIMG MRW Multi-Angle Multi-Color Graphics Array Multi-pass encoding MultiMediaCard MultiMediaCard Association Multiple Program Transport Stream Multiplexing Multisession Musepack (MP+) Musical Instrument Digital Interface Muxing mux_rate N NAB Nagravision Nagravision 3 Nagravision Aladin Nagravision Cardmagedon National Association of Broadcasters Native Resolution Navigation Stream NDS NDS VideoGuard NDSL Neotion SHL Neotioncrypt Nero Digital Nero Digital AVC New Technology File System NFO Nickserv Nintendo DS Nintendo DS Lite Noise NRG NTFS NTSC NUKED Nyquist Frequency Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem NZB O O&O DiskImage OEM Ogg Ogg Media Ogg Tarkin Ogg Theora Ogg Vorbis OGM OMA OMG OmniCrypt Open Captions OpenFT OpenMG Opposite Track Path OptimFROG OptimFROG DualStream Original Equipment Manufacturer OTA OTP Over The Air Overburn Overlay Oversampling oversizing P P-CAV P-frame P2P Pack Packed Format Packet PAL Pan & Scan PAR Parallel ATA Parallel Track Path Partial CAV Partial-Constant Angular Velocity Partimage PARTIMG PARTIMG.BZ2 PARTIMG.GZ Partition PATA PDI PDMI PDP PDVD Peer-to-peer Period Personal Video Recorder PGC Phase PicAFF Picture Element Picture In Picture Picture Outside Picture Picture-Level Frame/Field Coding Pillarbox PIP Pit Pixel Pixel Aspect Ratio Place Shifting Planar Format	Plasma display Playstation Portable Playstation Portable Slim and Lite POP Portable Device Media Interface PowerVu PowerVu+ PQDI PQI Pre-shared Key Presentation Stream Profile Profile 1.0 Profile 1.1 Profile 2.0 Program Chain Progressive Prohibited User Operation PROPER Prosumer PS PSK PSP PTP Pulldown PUO PVR PX Q Q-Pel QAM QCIF Qpel QQVGA QSXGA Quad eXtended Graphics Array Quad HDTV Quad Super Extended Graphics Array Quad Ultra Extended Graphics Array QuadHD Quarter D1 Quarter Pixel Motion Estimation Quarter VGA Quarter-QVGA QuickTime QUXGA QVGA QXGA R R'G'B' R5 RA ram RAMbo Drive RAMDAC RAMPRG Random access Random access memory RAR RAS RAW Raw DV RAW Video RCE RealAudio RealDVD RealMedia RealVideo Rear Channel Rec.601 Recording Industry Association of America Red Green Blue Reduced-Size MultiMediaCard Region code REPACK Resolution Reverse Telecine RGB RIAA RIFF-WAV Right Right Channel Right Surround Right Surround Channel Rijndael Rip RipGuard Riplock RM rmvb ROM Mark Roms RossCrypt RPC-1 RPC-2 RROD RS-MMC RSDL rtm RusCrypto S S-VHS S-VHS-C S-Video S/N S/PDIF SACD Sample Samplerate Sampling Frequency Sampling Theorem SAR SATA SATA 1 SATA II SATA2 SBR Scanline SCMS Screener SD SD Card Association SD Plus SDA SDDS SDHC SDIO SDRAM SDTV SDXC SECAM SecurDisc Secure Digital (SD) Memory Cards Secure Digital eXtended Capacity SecureMMC Seedbox Seeding Self Mounting Image Serial ATA Service Set Identifier Session Set-Top Box Set-Top Unit SFV Shareware SheerVideo SHN Shockwave Flash Shorten SHV SIF Signal Aspect Ratio Signal-to-Noise ratio SIMM Simple Profile Single Program Transport Stream SkyCrypt Smacker SMF SMI SMPTE snow SNR Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers SODIMM SOUNDabout Lossless SoundExchange SoundVQ SP SPDIF SPTS SRT SSA SSDL SSID SSL SSSL Standard Definition Standard MIDI File STB Storage Aspect Ratio straight-to-DVD straight-to-video Stream Capture Streaming STU STV SubStation Alpha Super eXtended Graphics Array Super eXtended Graphics Array Plus Super Hi-Vision Super Multi Super VGA Super Video Graphics Array Super-Resolution SuperAudioCD SuperVCD SuperVHS SuperVideoCD Surround Surround Channel Surround Sound SVCD SVGA SVHS Swap Magic Swaploit swf SWM SXGA SXGA+ SXGA- T T-Crypt Taiyo Yuden TAO Telecide Telecine Telesync Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TFF ThalesCrypt THD The Onion Router Theora THX TIB Time Shifting Title TiVo TKIP TMDS TOC Top Field First TOR Torrent Total HD Total Hi Defintion Disc TPS-Crypt Track Tracker Track_At_Once Transcoding TransFlash True Audio True Cinema TrueImage TrustedFlash TV Line TV Lines per Picture Height TV-RIP TwinVQ TY Type 1 DV Type 2 DV U UDF UDF 1.02 UDF 1.50 UDF 2.00 UDF 2.50 UDF 2.60 UDF Bridge UDF/ISO UDIF UHDTV UHDV UIF Ultra Definition Ultra eXtended Graphics Array Ultra High Definition Television Ultra High Definition Video Ultra VGA Ultra Video Graphics Array UltraISO UMD Universal Disk Format Universal Disk Image Format Universal Image Format Universal Media Disc Universal Serial Bus UOP upnp Upscaling url usb USB 1.1 USB 2.0 Usenet UVGA UXGA V V2000 V2I V422 Variable Bitrate Variable Block-Size Motion Compensation Variable Framerate VBR VBSMC VC-1 VC4 VCC VCD VCPS VDI Vector Quantization Format Versatile Multilayer Disc Vertical Helix Scan VESA VFD VFR VfW VGA VGA2EGA VHD VHS VHS-C VHSRip Viaccess Viaccess 1 Viaccess 2 Viaccess 3 Viaccess PC2.3 Viaccess PC2.4 Viaccess PC2.5 Viaccess PC2.6 Viaccess PC3.0 Video 2000 Video Capture Video Compact Cassette Video Content Protection System Video for Windows Video Graphics Array Video Home System Video Manager Group Video Title Set Video8 VideoCD Videotape VIDEO_RM VIDEO_TS Virtual CD Virtual Disk Image Virtual drive Virtual Hard Disk Virtual Machine Disk Format VirtualBox VirtualPC Visual Resolution VMD VMDK VMG VNC VOB VOBU Vorbis VP3 VQF VTS W Walkman Warez Watermarks WAV WEP WEP2 WEPplus WGA white noise White Spaces Coalition WHSXGA WHUXGA WHXGA Wi-Fi Protected Access Wide Hexadecatuple Extended Graphics Array Wide Hexadecatuple Super Extended Graphics Array Wide Hexadecatuple Ultra Extended Graphics Array Wide Quad eXtended Graphics Array Wide Quad Super Extended Graphics Array Wide Quad Ultra Extended Graphics Array Wide QVGA Wide VGA Wide XGA Widescreen Widescreen Ultra eXtended Graphics Array WiHD WIM Windows Imaging Format Windows Media Windows Media Audio Windows Media Format Windows Media Lossless Windows Media Video WIPO Wired Equivalent Privacy WirelessHD WMA WMA plus Graphics WMA+G WMF WMP WMV WMV HD Workprint World Intellectual Property Organization WPA WPA2 WQSXGA WQUXGA WQVGA WQXGA Wrapper WSXGA WUXGA WVGA WXGA WXGA+ X x.v.Color x264 XCD XCP xD xD-Picture Card XDCC Bots XDE XGA XGA+ XGA-2 XSVCD XVCD XviD xvYCC Y Y'U'V' YUNV YUV YUY2 YUYV YV12 Z Z-CAV Z-CLV ZBR ZIP zisofs zone bit recording zone CAV
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